What is HIV, how it is transmitted, and what are its effects on the human body?
HIV
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
HIV infects and gradually destroys an infected person's immune system, reducing their protection against infection and cancers.
Initially, someone living with HIV may show no symptoms of HIV infection as their immune system manages to control it. However, in most cases, their immune system will need help from triple combination anti-HIV drugs (ARVs) to keep their HIV infection under control. These drugs do not rid the body of HIV infection.
AIDS
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
AIDS is not a single disease or condition. Instead, it is a term that describes the point when a person's immune system can no longer cope because of the damage caused by HIV and they start to get one or more specific illnesses.
People do not actually die from AIDS; they die from the cancers, pneumonia or other conditions that may take hold when their immune system has been weakened by HIV.
The term AIDS is now very rarely used. It is more usual to talk of late-stage or advanced HIV infection.
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